A constant-polarization-based fuzzy-control charging method is proposed to adapt charging current acceptance with battery SOC stages. This can be used to estimate battery SOC and polarization voltage accurately. In the SOC domain, the change in the charge polarization voltage is also analyzed with the gradient analytical method, and the relations between current, polarization voltage amplitude at the inflection point, and SOC are quantitatively established. It is demonstrated that the charge polarization voltage is nonlinearly related to these impact factors. The effects of charging current, initial state of charge (SOC), initial polarization state, and aging on the charge polarization voltage are quantitatively analyzed in both time and SOC domains. This paper develops a generalized online estimation method for a charge-polarization-voltage-based resistance-capacitance ( RC) circuit model to simulate the charging behavior of Li-ion batteries. The simulation tests were confirmed by the possibility of obtaining the required power of 300kW and more for charging EV batteries from the industrial low voltage grid at 3x400V/50Hz.īattery charging is growing in importance as it has direct influence on battery performance and safety. The calculations of the battery charging power demand were presented and the method of estimating the replacement battery resistance was proposed. The existing EV battery charging strategies have been reviewed and they propose their own strategy to effectively limit battery temperature during high‐power charging. The electrochemical and thermal processes occurring in electrochemical batteries (e.g., Li‐ion) require an efficient charging strategy to be used when charging the battery. Fast charging of the battery is expected by the user but may cause premature wear of the battery. The need to fast charge the batteries of industrial work machines requires the use of high‐power battery charging points, which must be placed directly at the workplace of the work machine. The comparative findings for the overall percentage of discharge capacity of the batteries improved from 68% to 99% after the restoration capacity.Ĭharging high‐power EV batteries poses many problems. From the experimental results, it can be concluded that the discharge capacity of the flooded lead acid battery can be increase by using high current pulses method. Besides, this paper explores the behavior of critical formation parameters, such as the discharge capacity of the cells. This study uses an 840 Ah, 36 V flooded lead acid batteries for a forklift for the evaluation test. This method is performed to restore the capacity of lead acid batteries that use a maximum direct current (DC) of up to 500 A produces instantaneous heat from 27☌ to 48☌ to dissolve the PbSO4 on the plates. The selective method to improve the discharge capacity is using high current pulses method. Therefore, this study discusses the discharge capacity performance evaluation of the industrial lead acid battery. However, one of the drawbacks of lead acid batteries is PbSO4 accumulates on the battery plates, which significantly cause deterioration. Index Terms-Battery management system (BMS), energy storage, lead acid battery, microgrids, pulsed load, smart grid.īatteries play an essential role on most of the electrical equipment and electrical engineering tools. The performance of the system is tested experimentally under different loading conditions, including heavy pulsed loads. A hardware implementation of the proposed BMS is explained in detail. An unidirectional dc–dc boost converter maintains a constant output voltage level to the load, regardless of the number of batteries connected, until the problem is corrected. #Battery pulse repair seriesThe isolated battery is bypassed to maintain uninterrupted supply to the load despite reduced series array voltage. Pulsed charging is deployed using different duty cycles for SoC balancing. Furthermore, the system has the capability to isolate each individual battery to apply different charging profiles and advanced diagnostics to detect the correct problems. Based on these measurements, the BMS can calculate individual state of charge (SoC) levels and Crates. The proposed BMS continuously monitors the voltage, current, and energy of each battery. The basic concept is to divide each series battery array into sub-arrays where each battery is individually monitored and managed. This paper presents the design and implementation of an advanced battery management system (BMS).
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